Bearings wani muhimmin bangare ne na injina na zamani. Babban aikinsa shine tallafawa injin jujjuya jiki, rage juzu'i yayin motsi, da tabbatar da daidaiton juyawa.

Dangane da nau'ikan juzu'i daban-daban na abubuwan motsi, ana iya raba bearings zuwa nau'i biyu: mirgine bearings da zamiya bearings.

Yawanci ana amfani da su a cikin birgima bearings ne zurfin tsagi ball bearings, cylindrical roller bearings da tura ball bearings. Daga cikin su, an daidaita nau'ikan birgima da jeri, kuma gabaɗaya sun ƙunshi sassa huɗu: zobe na waje, zobe na ciki, jujjuyawar jiki da keji.

Zurfafa tsagi ball bearingsyafi ɗaukar nauyin radial, kuma yana iya ɗaukar nauyin radial da nauyin axial a lokaci guda. Lokacin da aka sa shi cikin radial load kawai, kusurwar lamba ba ta zama sifili ba. Lokacin da zurfin tsagi ball bearing yana da babban radial sharewa, yana da aikin na angular lamba bearing kuma zai iya ɗaukar babban axial load. Ƙididdigar juzu'i na zurfin tsagi mai ɗaukar ƙwallo ƙanƙanta ne kuma iyakar iyakar gudu kuma tana da girma.

Ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙafa mai zurfi shine mafi yawan wakilan mirgina bearings kuma ana amfani dashi ko'ina. Ya dace da babban aiki har ma da babban aiki mai girma, kuma yana da dorewa sosai ba tare da kulawa akai-akai ba. Irin wannan nau'in ɗaukar hoto yana da ƙananan ƙididdige ƙididdiga, saurin iyaka mai girma, tsari mai sauƙi, ƙananan farashin masana'antu da sauƙi don cimma daidaitattun masana'antu. Girman kewayon da nau'i sun bambanta, kuma ana amfani da su a cikin kayan aiki na ainihi, ƙananan motoci, motoci, babura da injunan gabaɗaya da sauran masana'antu, kuma sune nau'ikan bearings da aka fi amfani dasu a cikin masana'antar injuna. Yafi ɗaukar nauyin radial, amma kuma yana ɗaukar adadin adadin axial.

Silindrical abin nadi bearings, abubuwan nadi abubuwa ne masu birgima radial bearings na cylindrical rollers. Silindrical rollers da titin tseren layin tuntuɓar layi ne. Ƙarfin lodi, galibi ɗaukar nauyin radial. Tashin hankali tsakanin nau'in mirgina da haƙarƙarin zobe yana da ƙananan, wanda ya dace da juyawa mai sauri. Dangane da ko zoben yana da haƙarƙari ko a'a, ana iya raba shi zuwa jeri guda ɗaya kamar NU, NJ, NUP, N, NF, da kuma nau'ikan layi biyu kamar NNU da NN.

Silindrical roller bearings ba tare da haƙarƙari a kan zobe na ciki ko na waje ba, zobe na ciki da na waje na iya motsawa dangane da jagorar axial, don haka ana iya amfani da su azaman ƙarewar ƙarshen kyauta. Silindrical nadi bearings tare da biyu hakarkarinsa a gefe guda na ciki zobe da na waje zobe da guda haƙarƙari a daya gefen zobe iya jure wani mataki na axial load a daya hanya. Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da kejin stamping na ƙarfe, ko kuma ana amfani da gawa mai jujjuya tagulla. Duk da haka, akwai kuma wani ɓangare na amfani da polyamide kafa keji.

An ƙera ƙwanƙwasa ƙwallo don jure kayan da ake turawa yayin aiki mai sauri, kuma sun ƙunshi ferrules kamar wanki tare da ramukan tsere don jujjuya ƙwallon. Tunda ferrule ɗin yana cikin nau'in matashin wurin zama, ƙwalwar turawa ta kasu kashi biyu: nau'in kushin kujerun ɗan lebur da nau'in kujerun kujera mai daidaita kai. Bugu da ƙari, wannan nau'i na iya jure wa nauyin axial, amma ba nauyin radial ba.

Tura ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙafasun hada da sassa uku: wurin zama wanki, shaft washer da karfe ball keji taro. Mai wanki na shaft ya dace da shaft da zoben wurin zama daidai da mahalli. Ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙafa kawai ya dace da sassan da ke ɗaukar nauyin axial a gefe ɗaya kuma suna da ƙananan gudu, irin su ƙugiya na crane, famfo na ruwa na tsaye, centrifuges na tsaye, jacks, masu rage saurin gudu, da dai sauransu. The shaft washer, seat washer da rolling element. na bearings an rabu kuma za a iya harhada da tarwatsa daban.